Words' functions in texts are nouns naming things, places, people, quality, or idea, verbs being words that show actions, adjectives describing  nouns, and adverbs decribing verbs.

Noun : a word that is a person, place, thing, quality, or idea.(city, flower, furniture, animal, ...)

Example : My house is in Ithaca.

Verb: a word that says an action.(take, go, listen, fall, sleep, is, are, ...)
Example : The sun rises from the east.

Pronoun : a word that is used in direct naming or phrases.(she, he, I, you, it, ...)
Example : She brought it.

Adverb : a word that describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.(every, often, calmly, ...)
Example : My grandmother usually drinks coffee early in the morning.

Adjective : a word that describes a noun.(red, beautiful, happy, soft, dirty, ...)
Example : A cute girl wears a shiny tiara.

Preposition : a word that is in front of a noun and describes where, when, or how.(in, on, for, from, between, behind, to, ...)
Example : The cafeteria is in the public library.

Conjunction : a word that connects words, phrases, or sentences.(and, or, but, because, so, ...)
Example : There are chairs, desks, and students.