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Consciousness-raising phase: in this section, please read the text again, pay attention to red and green wrods and try to answer the questions.


How to Make Invisible Ink

Goal
To make invisible ink that your friend can read easily but that will be invisible to others.
Materials
One lemon
An old-fashioned pen with steel nib, or a fountain pen
Paper
Reading light
What to do
1. Before beginning, carefully cut a ripe lemon in two. Squeeze the juice of the lemon into a juicer.
2. Use a funnel to slowly pour the liquid into a small container.
3. Next, select an old-fashioned pen with a steel nib, or a fountain pen.
4. Dip the pen into the liquid and write down your message neatly on a blank sheet of paper. Make sure you write legibly.
5. Place it nearby on a desk or table to dry. When your writing dries, it should be invisible.
6. Now send the message to your friend. Explain that for the message to become visible, it must be held near a reading light. It should be held near the light, but not too close. The heat from the light will make the lemon-juice writing visible.




In this text, what the red words have in common?  Read the following statements and choose TRUE for those you think are right, choose FALSE for those you think are wrong.
a. These red words describe the verbs in each sentence, for example, you can cut a lemon in many ways, like "carefully cut it", "gently cut it", "slowly cut it", etc.
b. Some red words are formed of the adjective +ly, like "neatly" is "neat+ly".
c. Some red words don't have the form of "adjective+ly", but they still describe the sentences or verbs in that sentences. For example, "next", "now" and "near", they show the sequence of the things to be done.

Actually, these red words are called ADVERBs! There are 3 kinds of adverbs in English.

The adverbs like "carefully", "slowly", "neatly", and "legibly" describe  the way of doing things, so they are adverbs.
Answer: HOW

The adverbs like "next" and "now" describe the time of doing things, so they are adverbs.
Answer: WHEN

The adverbs like "near" describes the place for doing something, so they are adverbs.
Answer: WHERE

Do you know why people use so many adverbs in a procedural text?



Now, please look at the phrases in green. Read the following statements; if it's right, put TRUE in front of the sentences, if not, put FALSE.
a. The sentences with the green phrases all have person in it.
b. The the verbs in these green phrases are in their basic form, like "do", instead of "does" or "doing".
c. Compared with the sentence "you can open the window", the sentence "open the window" is more like a command.


Could you guess what these sentences with the green phrases are called?
a. Imperative sentence(For example, Close the door.)
b. Declarative sentencw(For example, The apple is red.) 
c. Interrogative sentence(For example, Could you pass the juice?)

Do you know why people use imperative sentences in the procedural text? 



Back to these green phrases, the verbs within them are _______ verbs.
a. Model verbs (like "can", "could", "should") 
b. Be verbs (like "am", "is", "are") 
c. Action verbs (like "stand", "stop", "lift")

Why do we need many action verbs in the procedural text?



By now, you've known the grammartical features of the procedure writing. Read the following statements and check whether they are right. Put TRUE if it's right and FALSE if it's wrong.
a. There are a lot of adjectives in the procedural text.
b. The procedural text doesn't have action verbs.
c. There are alot of sentences without person (we, you, they, etc.) in procedural text. These sentences are called "imperative sentences".